Bronchogenic Carcinoma
Lung cancer is the development of cells that become uncontrolled in the tissues of the lungs.
It one of the leading cancer-causing causes of death in both men and women.
Over 200,000 new diagnoses per year
Almost 200,000 deaths from lung cancer per year
Worldwide some 1.5 million deaths per year
From 1992 to 2004, according to National Cancer Institute, shows a decline in the death rate in the United States.
Symptoms:
- Cough
- Sputum [Blood and/or mucus]
- Shortness of Breath
- Wheezing
- Dyspnea
- Weight-loss
- Fatigue
- Loss of appetite
- Difficulty swallowing [Dysphagia]
- Asthenia - lack or loss of strength, weakness
- Seizures
- Change in voice
- Nausea
- Headache
- Paraneoplastic Syndromes
Cigarette smoking is the cause of lung cancer in at least 80% on individuals with lung cancer.
Most patients have symptoms at the time of diagnosis
Presentation depends on cancer location and severity of spread.
Other environmental risk factors include:
• Asbestos
• Radon gas
• Metals (arsenic, nickel, and others)
• Industrial carcinogenic materials
Some amount of genetics can be shown to increase the possibility of getting lung cancer.
Other medical conditions such as COPD, sarcoidosis, and pulmonary fibrosis can also increase your risk
Typically divided into Small cell lung cancer (SCLC) and Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) (the other three types) and Secondary lung cancer.
4 main types account for over 90% of Lung Cancers
1. Squamous Cell Lung Carcinoma
5.) Another type is closely related or caused by exposure to Asbestos. It is referred to as Mesothelioma .
6.) Another aspect of Lung cancer is invasion from another source outside of the lungs.
This is referred to as Secondary Lung Cancer
Typically metastases spread to the lungs
Technically almost any type of cancer can “move” to the lungs.