Is a congenital heart defect.

It is understood to involve four anatomical abnormalities [though only three of them are always present.

Is the most common cyanotic heart defect.

Is one of the more common causes of the "blue baby syndrome"

Causes a low oxygen of the blood.

Blood with oxygen [oxygenated] mixes with blood without oxygen [deoxygenated]

This condition is seen in approximately 3-6 births out of 100,00.

The 4 anatomical abnormalities are:

1.) Ventricular Septal Defect
2.) Pulmonary Stenosis
3.) Overriding aorta
4.) Right ventricle hypertrophy (enlargement)

Symptoms
- Low oxygen
- Cyanosis
- Low birth weight
- Referred to as a “Pink tet”
- Heart murmur
- Difficulty in feeding
- Difficulty for infant to gain weight
- Clubbing of toes
- Syncope

Additional Anomalies that can be seen”

In addition, tetralogy of Fallot may present with other anatomical anomalies, including:

1. Stenosis of the left pulmonary artery [40-50% of patients]
2. A bicuspid pulmonary valve [40% of patients]
3. Right-sided aortic arch [25% of patients]
4. Coronary Artery changes [15% of patients]
5. Foramen Ovale
6. Atrial Septal Defect
7. Atrioventricular Septal Defect
8. Anomalous Pulmonary venous return [partially or completely]
9. Forked ribs
10. Scoliosis

Treatment

Medicine
. Propranolol [Beta-Blocker]
. Morphine
. Phenylephrine – increases blood pressure

. Oxygen
. Palliative surgery
. Total Surgical repair
. Another surgery may be required around age 20
. Antibiotic treatment to limit possible Endocarditis

Without treatment mortality increases dramatically each year of survival