Bones themselves are quite diverse in size, length, and locations

They make up an important aspect of the skeleton system.  Bone are the outer protection of bone marrow.

The longest bone – femur
The shortest bone – stapes [ear]

Bones are not solid, they are light weight due to the spaces that are found between the tissues.

Function of Bones are as follows:

1.) Movement
2.) Protection
3.) Blood production
4.) Fat storage
5.) Protection
6.) Shape
7.) Mineral Storage
8.) others

Bone Features:

Diaphysis  -  This is the main body of the bone  –  long region
Epiphysis  -  The ends of long bones
Metaphysis  -  The area of bone between the epiphysis and diaphysis
Epiphysis Plate  -  Growth plate  -  inbetween epiphysis and metaphysis
Head  –  Articular end of bone
Neck  -  The are of bone between the shaft and head

Periosteum – first layer of bone

Compact Bone – the hard outer layer of bone – causes the white appearance of bone.

Trabecular Bone – this is the inner aspect of the bone – is open and has a network like appearance

Types of bones

1.) Long Bones   -   increased compact bone and less bone marrow    -    bones of legs, arms, fingers, toes
2.) Short Bones   -   cubed shaped   -   thin layer of compact bone   -   bones of wrist and ankle
3.) Flat Bones   -   2 layers of compact bone with spongy bone in middle   -   bones of skull
4.) Irregular Bones   -   Has both compact bone and spongy bones, doesn’t fall in other catagories   -   bones of spine and hips
5.) Sesamoid Bones   -   found in tendones that act to hold away from joint   -   bones of patella and pisiform

Osteoblasts
- is responsible for the formation of bone
- Produce osteoid
- help reshape bone

Osteoclasts
- cause bone breakdown or “resorption”