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Endometriosis

Endometriosis is a medical condition, part of Women’s Health, where there is an excess amount of endometrial cells that are found in areas where they shouldn’t.

The Endometrium is a tissue that normally lines the uterus. When that tissue migrates to other parts of the women’s body – it can cause hormonal, pain, and other problems. This tissue could be found in ovaries, abdomen, pelvis, and in other locations.

The most common location appears to be the ovaries. The medical cause is referred to as “retrograde menstruation“. However, the course and the complete cause are not well understood.

Often, the symptoms are often more pronounced during the menstrual period. This condition can be seen in approximately 8-10% of women, and often affects those of reproductive age.

*** There is an increased risk of Infertility in women with endometriosis.

Common Symptoms

–  Pelvic pain that can be extreme
–  Infertility
–  Rectal pain
–  Vaginal bleeding
–  Painful menstrual period  [dysmenorrhea]
–  Pain during sexual activity  [dyspareunia]
–  Pain during urination  [dysuria]
–  Nausea
–  Fatigue
–  Constipation
–  and others

Diagnosis

Imaging is often needed to distinguish from other diseases but is not often helpful in endometriosis.

Laparoscopy and tissue biopsy are often more helpful.

Treatment

It is often hormonal in nature

1.)   GnRH products: nafarelin nasal spray or leuprolide acetate

2.)   Danzol [4-6 months]

3.)   Oral contraceptives

4.)   Medroxyprogesterone acetate + oral estrogen or estradiol valerate [6-9 months]

5.)   NSAIDS

6.)   Other Analgesics