Are a group of compounds that are synthesized and refferd to as “steroids“.
Estrogen can be found in both males and females. The levels are much higher
in a women of child bearing age.
They have a large importance in the “estrous cycle” – which is a physiologic
change that occurs during the reproductive and menstrual cycle.
Estrogen is the primary female sex hormone but is also used with progesterone,
LH, and FSH.
Three main estrogens that are found in nature
1.) Estradiol
2.) Estriol
3.) Estrone
Cholesterol is the main ingredient in estrogen formation. Testosterone is
also involved.
Estrogen is primarily produced within the ovary. Specifically found in the follicles, corpus luteum
and the placental as well. Much smaller amounts can be produced in the breasts, adrenal gland, and the liver liver.
FSH and LH cause the reaction that produces Estrogen in the ovaries
The function of Estrogen is as follows:
Female
- Helps regulate menstrual
- Promote development of Breasts
- Causes thickening of Endomentrium
Male
- Help in sperm development
- Arguments have been made that it is necessary to maintain healthy libido
Hormone Replacement Therapy
For those who are postmenopausal
Estrogen and other hormones are given to prevent osteoporosis.
Also treatment for: *when related to postmenopausal symptoms
- Hot flashes
- Dizziness
- Fatigue
- Sweating
- Vaginal dryness
- others
Some risks may increase with Hormone Replacement Therapy. And research is currently
in progress to determine the overall risk vs. benefit for this treatment plan.
Estrogen itself may be important player in breast cancer
Many breast cancers are “hormone sensitive”
This means, that in order for these cancers to survive and even become larger, is
directly controlled by the level of estrogen in the body. Treatment may
therefore be the decrease or suppression of this hormone
Typically seen in 75-80% of breast cancers
Estrogens are also used directly in medication for contraception and hormone
replacement in some women.