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Placenta

The placenta is an important Organ of the Female Reproduction and gestation as it connects the unborn baby (fetus) to the Uterine Wall.

The placenta plays a very important role in the development of a child and during pregnancy. It forms in response to the implantation of a fertilized egg. It allows for the umbilical cord to attach to the fetus to allow for nutrition.

The placenta continues to grow throughout pregnancy. It provides oxygen and nutrients to your growing baby.

When there is a placenta in mammals the placenta is a defining characteristic. Some snakes and lizards also have a placenta.

Functions of Placenta:

–   Maternal blood flow brings nutrition to the fetus
–   Removal of waste products
–   Gas exchange
–   Production of progesterone during pregnancy

Structure

It is disc-shaped and is typically around 9 inches in length (between 233-23 cm) and it is about 1 inch thick. The typical weight is around 500 grams

It connects to the fetus by the Umbilical Cord. The Umbilical Cord has two Umbilical Arteries and one Umbilical Vein.  Blood vessels branch out from the surface of the placenta.

The placenta grows throughout Pregnancy.  Blood supply from the mother is fully developed near the end of the first Trimester – approximately 12-14 weeks.

Third Stage of Labor

Placental Expulsion begins just after the fetus is expelled. The placenta separates from the wall of the Uterus.

The placenta is expelled anywhere from 15 minutes to an hour after delivery. In most cases, it happens in the first 30 minutes.

Oxytocin, a medication given, often helps in delivering the placenta. But it isn’t required that this medication is given for the placenta to be delivered.

Studies show that mediation can reduce your risk for blood loss – including postpartum bleeding following delivery.

There is nothing to indicate that cutting the cord immediately after birth is necessary.

During birth, when the placenta is delivered, can also be called “Afterbirth“.

Medical Complications Related to the Placenta:

1.)  Placenta Abruption

2.)  Placenta Previa

References:

Placenta: How it works, what’s normal – Mayo Clinic