Occurs whern there is found a posterior displacement of one vertebral body.

Is often compared on diagnosis and evaluation to the adjacent vertebrae either above or below

Is the opposite of Spondylolisthesis which is the anterior displacement.

Are often found in the cervical [neck] and lumbar [lower back] but can also be seen in the thoracic area [mid back].

Symptoms

Is often variable between patients

    -    Back pain
    -    Back stiffness
    -    Tingling in back
    -    Difficulty with walking
    -    Pain after sitting for periods of time
    -    Difficulty with movement
    -    Neurological signs

Classification

1.)  Partial

  -  One vertebra is posterior
  -  Partial refers to the severity of the change
  -  Typically seen only to the body of the spinal segment adjacent
  -  Compared to the vertebra either above or below

2.)  Complete

  -  One vertebra is posterior
  -  Complete refers to the severity of the change
  -  Typically seen when positioning is posterior to both the vertebral body
  -  Compared to the vertebra both above or below

3.)  Stairstepped

  -  One vertebra is posterior
  -  Stairstepped refers to the severity of the change
  -  Typically seen only to the body of the above
  -  Yet it is anterior to the one below

Grading

Grade 1 – up to 1/4 of posterior displacement

Grade 2 – between 1/4 and 1/2 of posterior displacement

Grade 3 – 1/2 to 2/4 of posterior displacement

Grade 4 – 3/4 to 1 or total occlusion of posterior displacement

Diagnosis

X-ray

CT scan

Treatment

Stretching

Heat or Warmth placed on area

Physical Therapy

Medications

  -  Nsaids
  -  Tylenol
  -  Stronger pain medication in some cases

Back injections

Surgery in some cases