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Strep Throat is a bacterial infection that is caused by the bacteria: Streptococcal phyogenes also known as Group A Streptococcus.

There are many different causes of a sore throat – and strep throat is one of the causes. However, if left untreated, additional complications can be seen such as Rheumatic Fever.

Strep throat is commonly seen in children but its presence in adults is becoming more prevalent. Risks for passing the bacteria is confined spaces, sneezing, sharing items, kissing, etc.

Testing for Strep Throat is helpful and sometimes essential. However, often antibiotics may be given in serious cases without testing. It is possible that you can be exposed to someone with strep who isn’t having any current symptoms.

Typical Symptoms Seen in Strep Throat:

–  Throat pain
–  Pain with Swallowing
–  Enlarged Tonsils
–  Red Tonsils
–  Sometimes pus can be seen on tonsils (Exudate)
–  Tiny red spots on back of mouth/roof of mouth (Hard and Soft Palate)
–  Enlarged Lymph nodes (neck)
–  Pain in Lymph nodes (neck)
–  Fever
–  Chills
–  Body Aches
–  Headaches
–  Rash
–  Nausea
–  Vomiting
–  Joint pains

** – It is important to remember – many of these symptoms can be seen in other conditions. This may include a cold, flu, viral throat changes, and others.

Scarlet Fever Rash

Spread of the Bacteria

The bacteria is spread from person to person. Typically, it happens through airborne droplets. When someone sneezes or coughs it can be spread. Additionally, it can be passed through shared food and drinks.

You can pick up the bacteria from doorknobs and other surfaces. Then, with the bacteria on your hands, you transfer them to your nose, mouth or eyes.

Risks

–  Age
–  Immunocompromised
–  Time of Year
–  Confined Spaces

Potential Complications

1.)  Scarlet fever – streptococcal infection characterized by a prominent rash

2.)  Kidney Inflammation – (Poststrepococcal Glomerulonephritis)

3.)  Rheumatic Fever – Serious inflammation condition that can affect the heart, joints, nervous system, and skin.

4.)  Arthritis – Poststreptococcal reactive arthritis

Diagnosis

–  Rapid Antigen Test
–  Throat Culture

Prevention

–  Clean your hands
–  Cover your mouth
–  Don’t share personal items

Treatment

Medications

1.)  Antibiotics

–  Penicillin based ( PCN, Amox, Augmentin, etc.)

2.)  NSIADs

–  Advil
–  Motrin
–  IBU
–  Others

3.) Tylenol

Non Medication

1.)  Plenty of Rest
2.)  Keep hydrated – Fluids, water, Gatorade, Powerade, etc
3.)  Keep eating – small amounts such as broth, soups, applesauce, etc
4.)  Gargle with warm water
5.)  Humidifier